Historical Masonry Towers: Overview, Seismic Vulnerability, Behavior During an Earthquake, Seismic Strengthening

DOI: 10.37153/2618-9283-2020-6-49-66

Authors:  
Rubric:     Design, building and reconstruction of aseismic constructions   
Key words: bell tower, minaret, historical masonry towers, St Mark's Campanile, minaret of the Great Mosque of Aleppo, Leaning Tower of Pisa, architectural monuments, earthquake, earthquake resistance, vulnerability, building structures
Annotation:
The article provides an overview of historic masonry towers such as the minarets of mosques, bell towers of churches, clock towers, leaning towers, so-called "falling towers" and ruined towers. It was considered what kind of masonry, what kind of mortars the Romans, the ancient Egyptians, the Inca and Mayan cultures in America used. Some aspects of seismic vulnerability of masonry towers were studied. The modes of destruction of thin masonry structures, mechanisms of destruction of masonry in
towers are considered, the seismic behavior of historical masonry towers are
considered, and one of the methods of seismic strengthening using an innovative "smart"
material is presented.